Journal
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
Volume 48, Issue 2, Pages 215-222Publisher
JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
DOI: 10.1002/mrm.10224
Keywords
sideband artifact reduction; echo-time averaging; breast cancer; choline compounds
Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [CA79732] Funding Source: Medline
- NCRR NIH HHS [RR08079, RR00400] Funding Source: Medline
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Detecting metabolites in breast lesions by in vivo H-1 MR spectroscopy can be difficult due to the abundance of mobile lipids in the breast which can produce spurious sidebands that interfere with the metabolite signals. Two-dimensional J-resolved spectroscopy has been demonstrated in the brain as a means to eliminate these artifacts from a large water signal; coherent sidebands are resolved at their natural frequencies, leaving the noncoupled metabolite resonances in the zero-frequency trace of the 2D spectrum. This work demonstrates that using the zero-frequency trace-or equivalently the average of spectra acquired with different echo times-can be used to separate noncoupled metabolite signals from the lipid-induced sidebands. This technique is demonstrated with simulations, phantom studies, and in several breast lesions. Compared to the conventional approach using a single echo time, echo time averaging provides increased sensitivity for the study of small and irregularly shaped lesions.
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