Journal
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
Volume 9, Issue 8, Pages 807-817Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4401035
Keywords
caspase-independent cell death; neuronal death; neurokinin-1 receptor; non-apoptotic programmed cell death; substance P
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Funding
- NIA NIH HHS [AG 12282] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [NS 33376] Funding Source: Medline
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Several receptors that mediate apoptosis have been identified, such as Fas and tumor necrosis factor receptor I. Studies of the signal transduction pathways utilized by these receptors have played an important role in the understanding of apoptosis. Here we report the first ligand-receptor pair-the neuropeptide substance P and its receptor, neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) - that mediates an alternative, non-apoptotic form of programmed cell death. This pair is widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, and has been implicated in pain mediation and depression, among other effects. Here we demonstrate that substance P induces a non-apoptotic form of programmed cell death in hippocampal, striatal, and cortical neurons. This cell death requires gene expression, displays a non-apoptotic morphology, and is independent of caspase activation. The same form of cell death is induced by substance P in NK1R-transfected human embryonic kidney cells. These results argue that NK1R activates a death pathway different than apoptosis, and provide a signal transduction system by which to study an alternative, non-apoptotic cell death program.
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