Journal
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
Volume 490, Issue 1-2, Pages 30-50Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00916-6
Keywords
high energy physics; electromagnetic calorimetry, lead tungstate single crystal; scintillation, electron and hole centres, radiation damage, light yield, beam tests
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In this paper we summarize the results of a research programme on lead-tungstate (PWO) crystals performed by the CMS Collaboration at CERN, as well as by other groups who promoted the progress of the PWO scintillation crystal technology. Crystal properties, mass production technology, scintillation mechanism, origin of colouring, defects in crystal and radiation induced phenomena, light yield improvement and results of beam tests are described. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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