Journal
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
Volume 768, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/768/2/105
Keywords
quasars: general
Categories
Funding
- David and Lucile Packard Fellowship
- NSF [AST 08-06861, AST 11-07682]
- NASA [HST-HF-51291.01]
- STSci
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science
- University of Arizona
- Brookhaven National Laboratory
- University of Cambridge
- Carnegie Mellon University
- University of Florida
- Harvard University
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias
- Johns Hopkins University
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics
- New Mexico State University
- New York University
- Ohio State University
- Pennsylvania State University
- University of Portsmouth
- Princeton University
- University of Tokyo
- University of Utah
- Vanderbilt University
- University of Virginia
- University of Washington
- Yale University
- Division Of Astronomical Sciences
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [806861, 1107682] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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We present ameasurement of the Type I quasar luminosity function at z = 5 using a large sample of spectroscopically confirmed quasars selected from optical imaging data. We measure the bright end (M-1450 < -26) with Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data covering similar to 6000 deg(2), then extend to lower luminosities (M-1450 < -24) with newly discovered, faint z similar to 5 quasars selected from 235 deg(2) of deep, coadded imaging in the SDSS Stripe 82 region (the celestial equator in the Southern Galactic Cap). The faint sample includes 14 quasars with spectra obtained as ancillary science targets in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, and 59 quasars observed at the MMT and Magellan telescopes. We construct a well-defined sample of 4.7 < z < 5.1 quasars that is highly complete, with 73 spectroscopic identifications out of 92 candidates. Our color selection method is also highly efficient: of the 73 spectra obtained, 71 are high-redshift quasars. These observations reach below the break in the luminosity function (M*(1450) approximate to -27). The bright-end slope is steep (beta less than or similar to -4), with a constraint of beta < -3.1 at 95% confidence. The break luminosity appears to evolve strongly at high redshift, providing an explanation for the flattening of the bright-end slope reported previously. We find a factor of similar to 2 greater decrease in the number density of luminous quasars (M-1450 < -26) from z = 5 to z = 6 than from z = 4 to z = 5, suggesting a more rapid decline in quasar activity at high redshift than found in previous surveys. Our model for the quasar luminosity function predicts that quasars generate similar to 30% of the ionizing photons required to keep hydrogen in the universe ionized at z = 5.
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