Journal
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
Volume 772, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/772/1/45
Keywords
Galaxy: structure; infrared: ISM; ISM: clouds; ISM: molecules; stars: formation
Categories
Funding
- BMVIT (Austria)
- ESAPRODEX (Belgium)
- CEA/CNES (France)
- DLR (Germany)
- ASI/INAF (Italy)
- CICYT/MCYT (Spain)
- CSA (Canada)
- NAOC (China)
- CEA (France)
- CNES (France)
- CNRS (France)
- ASI (Italy)
- MCINN (Spain)
- SNSB (Sweden)
- STFC (UK)
- UKSA (UK)
- NASA (USA)
- ASI fellowship [I/005/11/0, I/038/08/0]
- Operational Program Education and Lifelong Learning
- European Union (European Social Fund)
- Greek national funds
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [22244014] Funding Source: KAKEN
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We present the first Herschel PACS and SPIRE photometric observations in a portion of the outer Galaxy (216.degrees 5 less than or similar to l <= 225.degrees 5 and -2 degrees less than or similar to b less than or similar to 0 degrees) as a part of the Hi-GAL survey. The maps between 70 and 500 mu m, the derived column density and temperature maps, and the compact source catalog are presented. NANTEN CO(1-0) line observations are used to derive cloud kinematics and distances so that we can estimate distance-dependent physical parameters of the compact sources (cores and clumps) having a reliable spectral energy distribution that we separate into 255 proto-stellar and 688 starless sources. Both typologies are found in association with all the distance components observed in the field, up to similar to 5.8 kpc, testifying to the presence of star formation beyond the Perseus arm at these longitudes. Selecting the starless gravitationally bound sources, we identify 590 pre-stellar candidates. Several sources of both proto-and pre-stellar nature are found to exceed the minimum requirement for being compatible with massive star formation based on the mass-radius relation. For the pre-stellar sources belonging to the Local arm (d less than or similar to 1.5 kpc) we study the mass function whose high-mass end shows a power law N(logM) proportional to M-1.0+/-0.2. Finally, we use a luminosity versus mass diagram to infer the evolutionary status of the sources, finding that most of the proto-stellar sources are in the early accretion phase (with some cases compatible with a Class I stage), while for pre-stellar sources, in general, accretion has not yet started.
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