Journal
JOURNAL OF FIRE SCIENCES
Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 349-371Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/0734904102020005484
Keywords
analysis; combustion gases; smoke detection; fire detection; FTIR; NDIR; spectroscopy; gas monitoring; sampling system; response time; cone calorimeter; toxicity
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The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has developed a unique extractive Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) system to analyze rapidly changing moist fire gas concentrations as a function of time. The system was designed to eliminate numerous errors generated by state-of-the-art FTIR systems for fire gas analysis. In addition, the path length, cell volume, sample flow rate, and system temperature were optimized to provide a rapid response and a sufficient dynamic range to detect gas concentrations generated in a fire (modified cone) calorimeter. A nonlinear classical least squares method was developed to analyze the FTIR data and generate the concentration histories and confidence limits of the 16 fire gases. Results of the technique are presented for flaming and nonflaming combustion tests of a mix of six common plastics.
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