Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
Volume 108, Issue 7, Pages 719-734Publisher
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL
DOI: 10.1023/A:1020604716500
Keywords
antibiotic compounds; fungicides; mycotoxin; pathogenicity; plant defence compounds; resistance; host-specific toxin
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This review provides an overview of members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and major facilitator superfamily (MFS) of transporters identified in filamentous fungi. The most common function of these membrane proteins is to provide protection against natural toxic compounds present in the environment of fungi, such as antibiotics produced by other microorganisms. In plant pathogenic fungi, these transporters can also be an important determinant of virulence on host plants by providing protection against plant defence compounds or mediating the secretion of host-specific toxins. Furthermore, they play a critical role in determining base-line sensitivity to fungicides and other antimycotic agents. Overexpression of some of these transporters can lead to the development of resistance to chemically-unrelated compounds, a phenomenon described as multidrug resistance (MDR). This has been observed in a variety of organisms and can impose a serious threat to the effective control of pathogenic fungi.
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