Journal
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
Volume 74, Issue 1-4, Pages 457-467Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00111-3
Keywords
hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon; thin-film silicon; VHF-GD; LP-CVD ZnO; light-trapping
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Intrinsic microcrystalline silicon opens up new ways for silicon thin-film multi-junction solar cells, the most promising being the micromorph tandem concept. The microstructure of entirely microcrystalline p-i-n solar cells is investigated by transmission electron microscopy. By applying low pressure chemical vapor deposition ZnO as front TCO in p-i-n configurated micromorph tandems, a remarkable reduction of the microcrystalline bottom cell thickness is achieved. Micromorph tandem cells with high open circuit voltages of 1.413 V could be accomplished. A stabilized efficiency of around 11% is estimated for micromorph tandems consisting of 2 pm thick bottom cells. Applying the monolithic series connection, a micromorph module (23.3 cm(2)) of 9.1% stabilized efficiency could be obtained. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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