Journal
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
Volume 699, Issue 2, Pages 1354-1364Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/699/2/1354
Keywords
galaxies: active; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation
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Funding
- Ministry of Education, Science, Culture, and Sports in Japan
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [21244012] Funding Source: KAKEN
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We investigate the X-ray properties of the K-band-selected galaxies at redshift 2 < z < 4 by using our deep near-infrared images obtained in the Multi-Object Infrared Camera and Spectrograph Deep Survey project and the published Chandra X-ray source catalog. Sixty-one X-ray sources with the 2-10 keV luminosity L(X) = 10(42)-10(44) erg s(-1) are identified with the K-selected galaxies and we found that they are exclusively (90%) associated with the massive objects with a stellar mass larger than 10(10.5) M(circle dot). Our results are consistent with the idea that the M(BH)/M(str) ratio of the galaxies at z = 2-4 is similar to the present-day value. On the other hand, the active galactic nucleus (AGN) detection rate among the very massive galaxies with a stellar mass larger than 10(11) M(circle dot) is high, 33% (26/78). They are active objects in the sense that the black hole mass accretion rate is approximate to 1%-50% of the Eddington limit if they indeed have similar M(BH)/M(str) ratio with those observed in the local universe. The active duration in the AGN duty cycle of the high-redshift massive galaxies seems large.
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