Journal
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY
Volume 73, Issue 2, Pages 142-153Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1006/exmp.2002.2457
Keywords
blood flow; wall shear stress; endothelial cell; smooth muscle cell; extracellular matrix; matrix metalloproteinase; TGF-beta 1; Egr-1
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This study investigated the effects of high flow and shear stress on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalooproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) during flow-induced arterial enlargement using a model of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation on the carotid artery with the corresponding jugular vein in Japanese white male rabbits. Flow increased 8-fold 7 days after AVF. Endothelial cells (EC) and smooth muscle cells (SMC) proliferated with internal elastic lamina (IEL) degradation in response to high flow and shear stress. Expression of MMP-2 mRNA peaked at 2 days (1700-fold) and maintained high level expression. MMP-9 mRNA gave a 10.8-fold increase within 2 days and decreased later. Their proteins were detected in EC and SMC. Membrane type-1-MMP (MT1-MMP) mRNA increased 121-fold at 3 days and maintained high expression. TGF-beta1 was increased after AVF. Two-peak up-regulation of Egr-1 mRNA was recognized at I and 5 days of AVF. These results suggest that high flow and shear stress can mediate EC and SMC to express MMP-2 and MMP-9, which degrade cell basement membranes and IEL to induce arterial enlargement. The disproportional increase in MT1-MMP and TIMP-2 might contribute to MMP-2 activation. Egr-1 and TGF-beta1 might play important roles in this process. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA).
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