Selected country circuity factors for road travel distance estimation

Road distances are conveniently estimated from distance functions that frequently must be corrected with a multiplier, referred to as a circuity factor, in order to approximate actual travel distances. For various regions of the world, these circuity factors differ due to such factors as road network density, travel obstacles, in hilliness. In this note, the circuity factors resulting from a sampling of road networks for various countries and country regions throughout the world are presented. They are particularly useful in designing logistics networks, routing vehicles, and planning in other geographically based logistics applications. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.