Journal
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
Volume 25, Issue 11, Pages 1539-1549Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00934.x
Keywords
aquaporins; drought; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); maize; nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR); imaging; pearl millet; water permeability
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The cell water balance of maize (Zea mays L., cv LG 11) and pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum L., cv MH 179) during osmotic stress was studied non-invasively using H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) microscopy. Single NMR parameter images of (i) the water content (ii) the transverse relaxation time (T-2) and (iii) the apparent diffusion coefficient (D-app) were used to follow the water status of the stem apical region during osmotic stress. During stress there are hardly any changes in water content or T-2 of the stem region of maize. In contrast, the apical tissue of pearl millet showed a similar to 30% decrease of T-2 within 48 h of stress, whereas the water content and D-app did not change. These changes can be explained by an increase of the membrane permeability for water. This conclusion is supported by results from scanning electron microscopy, relaxation measurements of sugar solutions and numerical simulations of the relaxation and (apparent) diffusion behaviour of water in a plant cell.
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