Mechanistic pathways to explain H/C ratio of soot precursors

Pathways for the growth of high-molecular-mass compounds are presented, showing how reactions between aromatic moieties can explain recent experimental findings. A fundamental molecular analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon growth processes in combustion systems involving five-membered ring compounds is presented using quantum mechanical density functional methods. Higher aromatics are produced through a two-step radical-molecule addition reaction and the iteration of this mechanism followed by rearrangement of the carbon framework ultimately leads to high-molecular-mass compounds. The distinguishing features of the proposed model lie in the chemical specificity of the routes considered. Naphthalene and acenaphthylene are used as examples of the aromatic and cyclopentafused aromatic classes of compounds postulated to be of importance in molecular weight growth. These reaction pathways are analyzed with a view toward explaining recent experimental findings on H/C ratio, NMR, and LMMS of soot precursors.