MDRI modulators improve the chemotherapy response of human hepatoblastoma to doxorubicin in vitro

Purpose: P-glycoprotein, a membrane efflux pump encoded by the MDR1 gene, plays an important role in the development of multidrug resistance in human hepatoblastoma (HB). Chemosensitizers antagonize the efflux action of P-glycoprotein. This study investigates the effects of 3 chemosensitizers (the cyclosporin analogue SDZ PSC 833 (PSC 833), the acridone carboxamide derivative GG 918, and verapamil) on the chemotherapy of 1113 in vitro. Methods: The doxorubicin (DOXO) concentration that produces 50% growth inhibition (IC50) in a HB cell line was determined and additional effects of PSC 833, GG 918, and verapamil were investigated in a cytotoxicity assay. The MDR1 gene expression after treatment was determined in a semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction approach. Results: The IC50 of DOXO is 2.5 mug/mL, 0.61 mug/mL for DOXO + PSC 833, 1.17 mug/mL for DOXO + verapamil, and 1.47 mug/mL for DOXO + GG 918. In combination with DOXO, cell growth was inhibited 4.1-fold by PSC 833, 2.1-fold by verapamil, and 1.9-fold by GG 918. The MDR1 gene expression was enhanced significantly in all treated cells, with and without modulator. Conclusions: MDR1 modulators significantly improve the response of HB to DOXO in vitro. The combination of anticancer agents and MDR1 modulators might be a possible contribution to overcome multidrug resistance in HB. Copyright 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.