Journal
FASEB JOURNAL
Volume 16, Issue 13, Pages 1792-1798Publisher
FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
DOI: 10.1096/fj.02-0211hyp
Keywords
carbon monoxide; cardiovascular system; gasotransmitter; neuron; nitric oxide
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Bearing the public image of a deadly gas of rotten eggs, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can be generated in many types of mammalian cells. Functionally, H2S has been implicated in the induction of hippocampal long-term potentiation, brain development, and blood pressure regulation. By acting specifically on K-ATP channels, H2S can hyperpolarize cell membranes, relax smooth muscle cells, or decrease neuronal excitability. The endogenous metabolism and physiological functions of H2S position this gas well in the novel family of endogenous gaseous transmitters, termed gasotransmitters. It is hypothesized that H2S is the third endogenous signaling gasotransmitter, besides nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. This positioning of H2S will open an exciting field-H2S physiology-encompassing realization of the interaction of H2S and other gasotransmitters, sulfurating modification of proteins, and the functional role of H2S in multiple systems. It may shed light on the pathogenesis of many diseases related to the abnormal metabolism of H2S.
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