Journal
PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR
Volume 73, Issue 4, Pages 729-741Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S0091-3057(02)00818-3
Keywords
menstrual cycle phase; D-amphetamine; stimulants; dopamine; estrogen; estradiol; progesterone; subjective effects; individual differences; sex differences; gender; human
Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR00055] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDA NIH HHS [T32 DA07255, R01 DA02812] Funding Source: Medline
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Estrogen and progesterone interact with monoamines in ways that suggest the potential modulation of responses to psychoactive drugs by endogenous steroids, both between menstrual phases and between the sexes. The present study assessed the subjective and physiological effects of a single dose Of D-amphetamine (AMPH; 15 mg oral) in healthy, normally cycling women (n = 13), who received amphetamine and placebo (PL) during both the follicular and luteal phases of a single menstrual cycle, and in healthy men (n = 7). Females reported greater amphetamine-induced subjective stimulation [Addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI)-A, ARCI-MBG; Drug Effects Questionnaire (DEQ) Feel Drug, Feel High, Want More] during the follicular phase than the luteal phase. Within the follicular phase, the magnitude of individuals' AMPH-induced stimulation was positively associated with baseline (predrug) salivary estradiol [r=+.55-.78; Profile of Mood States (POMS) Vigor, Positive Mood, Elation], and negatively associated with salivary progesterone [r=-.66-68; POMS Friendliness; Subjective States Questionnaire (SSQ) Pleasant Sedation], Sex differences also emerged, Males reported feeling greater AMPH-induced stimulation (ARCI-A, ARCI-MBG DEQ Feel Drug, Want More) than females in the luteal phase. Thus, higher levels of estrogen and lower levels of progesterone are associated with greater subjective stimulation after AMPH in women, and these hormonal influences contribute to sex differences in amphetamine responding, (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
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