Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 298, Issue 5597, Pages 1424-1427Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1077336
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Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) plays an essential role in class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation (SHM) of immunoglobulin genes. We report here that deficiency in AID results in the development of hyperplasia of isolated lymphoid follicles (ILFs) associated with a 100-fold expansion of anaerobic. ora in the small intestine. Reduction of bacterial. ora by antibiotic treatment of AID(-/-) mice abolished ILF hyperplasia as well as the germinal center enlargement seen in secondary lymphoid tissues. Because an inability to switch to immunoglobulin A on its own does not lead to a similar phenotype, these results suggest that SHM of ILF B cells plays a critical role in regulating intestinal microflora.
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