Multi-wavelength observations of the GRB 080319B afterglow and the modeling constraints

Context. We present observations of the GRB 080319B afterglow at optical, mm, and radio frequencies between a few hours and 67 days after the burst. Aims. We attempt to understand the nature of this extraordinarily bright explosion based on the observed properties and its comparison with afterglow models. Methods. Our observations and other published multiwavelength data were used to reconstruct the light curves and spectral energy distributions of the burst afterglow. Results. Our results indicate that the observed features of the afterglow agrees equally well with the inter stellar matter and the stellar wind density profiles of the circumburst medium. In the case of both density profiles, the maximum synchrotron frequency nu(m) is below optical value and the cooling break frequency nu(c) is below X-rays, similar to 10(4) s after the burst. The derived value of the Lorentz factor at the time of naked-eye brightness is also similar to 300 for a corresponding blast-wave size of similar to 10(18) cm. Conclusions. The numerical fit to the multiwavelength afterglow data constraints the values of physical parameters and the emission mechanism of the burst.