Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
Volume 50, Issue 12, Pages 2003-2008Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50612.x
Keywords
depression; community-living older people; heart failure
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Funding
- NIA NIH HHS [U01 AG009740, 1 U01 AG12980] Funding Source: Medline
- NIMH NIH HHS [MH40856, K01-MHO1964-01, P50 MH43271, MH31593] Funding Source: Medline
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OBJECTIVES: To examine the rates and correlates of depressive symptoms and syndromal depression in people with self-reported heart failure participating in a community study of people aged 70 and older. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Community-based epidemiological study of older people from the continental United States. PARTICIPANTS: Six thousand one hundred twenty-five older people participating in the longitudinal study of Assets and Health Dynamics. Participants had to be born in 1923 or earlier. MEASUREMENTS: The short-form Composite International Diagnostic Interview assessed syndromal depression, and a revised version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale assessed depressive symptoms. Medical illness was based on self-report. The authors compared the rates of syndromal depression and individual depressive symptoms in people with self-reported heart failure (n = 199) with those in people with other heart conditions (n = 1,856) and with no heart conditions (n = 4,070). RESULTS: Eleven percent of those with heart failure met criteria for syndromal depression, compared with 4.8% of people with other heart conditions and 3.2% of those with no heart conditions. The association between heart failure and depression held even after controlling for disability, reported fatigue and breathlessness, and number of comorbid chronic illnesses. CONCLUSIONS: Community-living older people with self-reported heart failure were at approximately twice the risk for syndromal depression of the rest of the community. Although fatigue and functional disability were also related to depression in this sample, these variables did not account for the association between syndromal depression and self-reported heart failure.
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