Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 99, Issue 25, Pages 16012-16017Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.242523299
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- NIAID NIH HHS [AI49973, R01 AI049973] Funding Source: Medline
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Force production by type IV pilus retraction is critical for infectivity of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and DNA transfer. We investigated the roles of pilus number and the retraction motor, NIT, in force generation in vivo at the single-molecule level and found that individual retraction events are generated by a single pilus fiber, and only one NIT complex powers retraction. Retraction velocity is constant at low forces but decreases at forces greater than 40 pN, giving a remarkably high average stall force of 110 +/- 30 pN. Further insights into the molecular mechanism of force generation are gained from the effect of ATP-depletion, which reduces the rate of retraction but not the stall force. Energetic considerations suggest that more than one ATP is involved in the removal of a single pilin subunit from a pilus. The results are most consistent with a model in which the ATPase NIT forms an oligomer that disassembles the pilus by a cooperative conformational change.
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