Night-time conductance in C3 and C4 species:: do plants lose water at night?

Significant night-time stomatal conductance and transpiration were found for 11 out of 17 species with a range of life histories (herbaceous annual, perennial grass, shrub, tree), photosynthetic pathways (C-3, C-4), and habitats in the western United States. Across species and habitats, higher night-time conductance and transpiration were associated with higher daytime values. The prevalence, mechanisms and ecological implications of substantial night-time water loss deserve further investigation.