Journal
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
Volume 18, Issue 2, Pages 121-129Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mds.10332
Keywords
astrocyte; gliosis; IL-1 beta; iNOS; microglia; MPTP; neurodegeneration; Parkinson's disease
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Funding
- NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG13966] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [P50 NS38370, R29 NS37345, R01 NS38586, NS42269] Funding Source: Medline
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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). The loss of these neurons is associated with a glial response composed mainly of activated microglial cells and, to a lesser extent, of reactive astrocytes. This glial response may be the source of trophic factors and can protect against reactive oxygen species and glutamate. Alternatively, this glial response can also mediate a variety of deleterious events related to the production of pro-oxidant reactive species, and pro-inflammatory prostaglandin and cytokines. We discuss the potential protective and deleterious effects of glial cells in the SNpc of PD and examine how those factors may contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease. (C) 2002 Movement Disorder Society.
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