Journal
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
Volume 70, Issue 8, Pages 2241-2248Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv109
Keywords
disinfectant; MDR; efflux
Funding
- BBSRC [BB/GO12016/1]
- BBSRC [BB/G012016/1, BB/E011179/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [MR/J014370/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/G012016/1, BB/E011179/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [MR/J014370/1, MR/M501621/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Objectives: Biocides are widely used to prevent infection. We aimed to determine whether exposure of Salmonella to various biocides could act as a driver of antibiotic resistance. Methods: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium was exposed to four biocides with differing modes of action. Antibiotic-resistant mutants were selected during exposure to all biocides and characterized phenotypically and genotypically to identify mechanisms of resistance. Results: All biocides tested selected MDR mutants with decreased antibiotic susceptibility; these occurred randomly throughout the experiments. Mutations that resulted in de-repression of the multidrug efflux pump AcrAB-TolC were seen in MDR mutants. A novel mutation in rpoA was also selected and contributed to the MDR phenotype. Other mutants were highly resistant to both quinolone antibiotics and the biocide triclosan. Conclusions: This study shows that exposure of bacteria to biocides can select for antibiotic-resistant mutants and this is mediated by clinically relevant mechanisms of resistance prevalent in human pathogens.
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