Journal
EMBO JOURNAL
Volume 22, Issue 4, Pages 757-765Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/emboj/cdg086
Keywords
assembly; capsid protein; crystal structure; folding nucleus; herpesviruses
Categories
Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [R01AI3860] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [GM08280, T32 GM008280] Funding Source: Medline
- NLM NIH HHS [T15 LM007093, 2T15LM07093] Funding Source: Medline
- PHS HHS [P415502250] Funding Source: Medline
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Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) virions are large, complex enveloped particles containing a proteinaceous tegument layer connected to an icosahedral capsid. The major capsid protein, VP5 (149 kDa), makes up both types of capsomere, pentons; and hexons. Limited trypsin digestion of VP5 identified a single stable 65 kDa fragment which represents a proposed protein folding nucleus. We report the 2.9 Angstrom crystal structure of this fragment and its modeling into an 8.5 Angstrom resolution electron cryomicroscopy map of the HSV-1 capsid. The structure, the first for any capsid protein from Herpesviridae, revealed a novel fold, placing herpesviruses outside any of the structurally linked viral groupings. Alterations in the geometrical arrangements of the VP5 subunits in the capsomeres exposes different residues, resulting in the differential association of the tegument and VP26 with the pentons; and hexons, respectively. The rearrangements of VP5 subunits required to form both pentavalent and hexavalent capsomeres result in structures that exhibit very different electrostatic properties. These differences may mediate the binding and release of other structural proteins during capsid maturation.
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