Bioreactor designs for solid state fermentation

Solid state fermentation has gained renewed attention not only from researchers but also from industry. This technique has become a more and more attractive alternative to submerged fermentation for specific applications due to the recent improvements, especially in the design. This paper reviews the various reactor designs and focuses on the differences between lab-scale and industrial-scale designs. It highlights the main designs that have emerged over the last 10 years and the potential for scaling-up for each category of reactor. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.