Regulatory T cells under scrutiny

Having been long debated, the notion of suppressor T cells - renamed regulatory T cells - is back on the map, but many questions remain regarding the nature of these regulatory cells. Are they specialized cells? What are their phenotype, antigen specificity, mode of action and, above all, biological (and immunopathological) relevance? The predominant role of naturally occurring CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells has been emphasized recently. Other cell types, however, contribute to immunoregulation also, whether they arise spontaneously during ontogeny or during the course of an adaptive immune response.