Journal
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 22, Issue 3, Pages 123-132Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/S0165-9936(03)00301-7
Keywords
desolvation system; inductively coupled plasma atomic emission; spectrometry (ICP-AES); inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); nebulizer; spray chamber
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Plasma-spectrometry techniques, namely inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and plasma-based mass spectrometry (MS), are the most commonly used in analytical laboratories for elemental analysis in a wide variety of samples. In these techniques, the quality of the analysis strongly depends on appropriate selection of the sample-introduction system. For liquid samples, it basically comprises a nebulizer, which transforms the bulk solution into an aerosol, and a spray chamber, which modifies the characteristics of this aerosol and transports it to the plasma base through an injector tube. Sometimes, a desolvation system is incorporated to reduce the solvent load into the plasma. This article describes the different components of the sample-introduction system, emphasizing their main advantages and drawbacks. A review of the processes that affect the aerosol between generation and reaching the plasma is also included. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
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