Journal
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 170, Issue 5, Pages 2590-2598Publisher
AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.170.5.2590
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Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [P01-AI49320, T32/AI07349, AI42845] Funding Source: Medline
- NICHD NIH HHS [HD01489] Funding Source: Medline
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The generation and maintenance of virus-specific CD4(+) T cells in humans are not well understood. We used short in vitro stimulation assays followed by intracellular cytokine staining to characterize the timing, magnitude, and Ag specificity of CD4(+) T cells over the course of primary EBV infection. Lytic and latent protein-specific CD4(+) T cells were readily detected at presentation with acute infectious mononucleosis and declined rapidly thereafter. Responses to BZLF-1, BMLF-1, and Epstein-Barr nuclear Ag-3A were more commonly detected than responses to Epstein-Barr nuclear Ag-1. Concurrent analyses of BZLF-1-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells revealed differences in the expansion, specificity, and stability of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell-mediated responses over time. Peripheral blood EBV load directly correlated with the frequency of EBV-specific CD4(+) T cell responses at presentation and over time, suggesting that EBV-specific CD4(+) T cell responses are Ag-driven.
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