Troponin I elevation and cardiac events after percutaneous coronary intervention

Background Serum troponins are sensitive markers of myonecrosis and ischemia and are now widely used in clinical practice. Although percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)-related creatine kinase-myocardial band isoenzyme (CKMB) elevation has been associated with future cardiac events, the significance of troponin elevation in this setting is unknown. We sought to determine whether serum troponin I (Tn-I) elevation after PCI is associated with future cardiac events. Methods and Results Consecutive patients undergoing elective PCI underwent systematic postprocedure measurement of Tn-I and CK-MB levels. Serum levels were correlated with demographic, angiographic, and procedural characteristics and the development of major adverse cardiac events (MACE; defined as death, MI, or need for PCI or coronary bypass graft surgery) at 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year. In 286 consecutive procedures, postintervention. myonecrosis-specific Tn-I was elevated in 13.6 % of patients, and CK-MB was elevated in 12.9% of patients. Multivariable predictors of Tn-I elevation were procedural side branch occlusion and thrombus formation. Peak Tn-I and CK-MB values were well correlated (r = 0.81, P < .0001). Three-fold elevation of Tn-I after successful PCI was independently predictive of MACE (P = .01). Conclusions Tn-I elevation after elective PCI is relatively common and is associated with procedural complications such as incidental side branch occlusion and thrombus formation. In addition, this study demonstrates that a 3-fold elevation of Tn-I after successful elective PCI is predictive of future cardiac events, especially the need for early repeat revascularization.