Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN CELL BIOLOGY
Volume 15, Issue 2, Pages 184-190Publisher
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S0955-0674(03)00010-3
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Funding
- NIGMS NIH HHS [GM60979] Funding Source: Medline
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Ubiquitin is a small protein that can be covalently linked to itself or other proteins, either as single ubiquitin molecules or as chains of polyubiquitin. Addition of ubiquitin to a target protein requires a series of enzymatic activities (by ubiquitin-activating, -conjugating and -ligating enzymes). The first function attributed to ubiquitin was the covalent modification of misfolded cytoplasmic proteins, thereby directing proteasome-dependent proteolysis. More recently, additional functions have been ascribed to ubiquitin and ubiquitin-related proteins. Ubiquitin directs specific proteins through the endocytic pathway by modifying cargo proteins, and possibly also components of the cytoplasmic protein trafficking machinery.
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