Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
Volume 137, Issue 1-2, Pages 59-66Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/S0165-5728(03)00038-9
Keywords
neuroimmune; cytokine; behavior; fever
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Funding
- NIMH NIH HHS [MH54976, MH64843] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [NS39974] Funding Source: Medline
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Although it is well established that the cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-1 regulate sleep, there is no direct evidence implicating IL-6 in the regulation/modulation of sleep. We tested the hypotheses that central administration of rat recombinant IL-6 increases non-rapid eye movements (NREM) sleep of rats, and that central administration of anti-IL-6 antibodies reduces NREM sleep. Effective doses of IL-6 (100 and 500 ng) initially enhance NREM sleep, after which NREM sleep may be suppressed. IL-6 induces febrile responses at doses lower (50 ng) than those required to alter sleep. Rapid eye movements (REM) sleep is not altered by the doses of IL-6 tested. Central administration of monoclonal or polyclonal anti-rat IL-6 antibodies does not alter any of the parameters determined in this study. Collectively, these results support the hypothesis that IL-6 possesses sleep modulatory properties. However, this cytokine may not be involved in the regulation of spontaneous sleep in healthy animals because antagonizing the IL-6 system using antibodies does not alter sleep. The interpretation of these data is consistent with those of previous studies demonstrating correlations between increased IL-6 and excessive daytime sleepiness during some pathophysiological conditions. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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