Follow-up survey of a large-scale multicenter, double-blind study of triple therapy with lansoprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin for eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Japanese peptic ulcer patients

Background To evaluate histopathological changes and effects on inhibition of ulcer recurrence, a follow-up survey was performed in Japanese patients with Helicobacter pylori-positive active peptic ulcers. These patients had previously participated in a large-scale multicenter trial of triple therapy with lansoprazole (LPZ)/amoxicillin (AMPC)/clarithromycin (CAM) for eradication of H. pylori. Methods. Patients who had been treated with LPZ only or a combination of LPZ, AMPC, and CAM for a period of 7 days and in whom ulcer healing had been confirmed after treatment were grouped according to successful or failed eradication of H. pylori. They were examined endoscopically to determine whether ulcers had recurred. The updated Sydney system was applied to study histological changes after H. pylori eradication therapy, compared with baseline. Results. Twelve months after treatment for H. pylori eradication, gastric ulcers had recurred in 11.4% of those with successful H. pylori eradication and in 64.5% of those with unsuccessful H. pylori eradication. Duodenal ulcers had recurred in 6.8% of patients for whom H. pylori eradication was successful and in 85.3% of patients in whom eradication failed. These findings proved that H. pylori eradication significantly reduced ulcer recurrence (P < 0.0001 for both types of ulcers). Histopathological findings of inflammation and activity grade in both gastric and duodenal ulcers were more favorable in patients with successful eradication than in those with unsuccessful eradication. Conclusions. H. pylori eradication significantly inhibited ulcer recurrence in Japanese peptic ulcer patients. Histopathological findings were also improved with regard to inflammation and activity (neutrophils) in patients in whom H. pylori eradication was successful.