Journal
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 22, Issue 4, Pages 225-231Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S0165-9936(03)00401-1
Keywords
bead injection (BI); electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry; (ETAAS); inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); lab-on-valve (LOV); renewable micro-column; separation and pre-concentration; sequential injection (SI)
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Termed the third generation of flow-injection analysis, sequential injection (SI)-lab-on-valve (LOV) has specific advantages and allows novel, unique applications - not least as a versatile front end to a variety of detection techniques. This review presents and discusses progress to date of the SI-LOV approach as well as its applications in the automation and the micro-miniaturization of on-line sample pre-treatment. Special emphasis is placed on using SI-LOV in conjunction with bead injection (BI) for on-line separation and pre-concentration of ultra-trace levels of metals by exploiting the renewable micro-column approach. With detection by ETAAS and ICP-MS, it is shown; as illustrated by recent results in the authors' laboratory, that this methodology eliminates the problems encountered in conventional on-line column pre-concentration systems, improves the overall operational efficiency and yields the robustness necessary for routine assays. Also discussed is the future potential of the SI-LOV approach as a front end to various analytical protocols. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
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