Inhibition of human SERCA3 by PL/IM430 - Molecular analysis of the interaction

The monoclonal antibody PL/IM430 has previously been reported to uncouple Ca2+ transport from ATP hydrolysis in platelet membranes (Hack, N., Wilkinson, J. M., and Crawford, N. (1988) Biochem. J. 250,355-361). More recently, we have demonstrated that this antibody is specific for human SERCA3 (Poch, E., Leach, S., Snape, S., Cacic, T., MacLennan, D. H., and Lytton, J. (1998) Am. J. Physiol. 275, C1449-CI458). In this paper, we have extended the analysis of the PL/IM430-SERCA3 interaction. Using HEK293 cells to express human SERCA3a, we were able to measure bot ATP-mediated, oxalate-dependent Ca-45(2+) uptake and Ca2+-dependent ATP hydrolysis activities due exclusively to SERCA3. Treatment with PL/IM430 inhibited both activities almost identically, with a maximal inhibition of 81 and 73% and a half-maximal concentration of 8.3 and 5.9 mug/ml, for Ca2+ uptake and ATP hydrolysis, respectively. We conclude that PL/IM430 does inhibit SERCA3 activity but does not uncouple Ca2+ transport from ATP hydrolysis. Using a combination of partial proteolysis, GST fusion protein expression, and mutation of residues that differ between rat and human SERCA3, we have identified human SERCA3 amino acids Pros and Glu(192) as essential to forming the PL/IM430 epitope. PL/IM430 thus recognizes a linearly noncontiguous set of amino acids within the actuator domain of human SERCA3. We propose that PL/IM430 inhibits SERCA3 activity by sterically preventing movement of the actuator domain into a catalytically critical position in the E2 conformation of the enzyme.