Journal
EMBO JOURNAL
Volume 22, Issue 9, Pages 1953-1958Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1093/emboj/cdg209
Keywords
ADP-ribosylhydrolase; ADP-ribosyltransferase; cell signalling; G proteins; post-translational modifications
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Funding
- Telethon [E.0841] Funding Source: Medline
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Mono-ADP-ribosylation is the enzymatic transfer of ADP-ribose from NAD(+) to acceptor proteins. It is catalysed by cellular ADP-ribosyltransferases and certain bacterial toxins. There are two subclasses of cellular enzymes: the ectoenzymes that modify targets such as integrins, defensin and other cell surface molecules; and the intracellular enzymes that act on proteins involved in cell signalling and metabolism, such as the beta-subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins, GRP78/BiP and elongation factor 2. The genes that encode the ectoenzymes have been cloned and their protein products are well characterized, yet little is known about the intracellular ADP-ribosyltransferases, which may be part of a novel protein family with an important role in regulating cell function. ADP-ribosylation usually leads to protein inactivation, providing a mechanism to inhibit protein functions in both physiological and pathological conditions.
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