Journal
MOLECULAR THERAPY
Volume 7, Issue 5, Pages 681-691Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/S1525-0016(03)00070-4
Keywords
lentivirus; reporter gene; firefly luciferase; herpes simplex virus type-1; thymidine kinase; molecular imaging; microPET; tumor xenograft; suicide gene therapy
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Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [P50 CA86306, R0-1 CA82214, P50 CA086306, R24 CA092865, R01 CA082214, R24 CA92865] Funding Source: Medline
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Lentiviral-mediated gene delivery holds significant promise for sustained gene expression within living systems. Vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein-pseudotyped human immunodeficiency virus type 1-based lentiviral vectors can be used to introduce transgenes in a broad spectrum of dividing as well as nonclividing cells. in the current study, we construct a lentiviral vector carrying two reporter genes separated by an internal ribosomal entry site and utilize that virus in delivering both genes into neuroblastoma cells in cell culture and into cells implanted in living mice. We utilize two reporter genes, a mutant herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) sr39tk as a reporter gene compatible with positron emission tomography (PET) and a bioluminescent optical reporter gene, firefly luciferase (Fluc), to image expression in living mice by an optical charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. By using this lentivirus, neuroblastoma (N2a) cells are stably transfected and a high correlation (R-2 = 0.91) between expressions of the two reporter genes in cell culture is established. Imaging of both reporter genes using microPET and optical CCD camera in living mice is feasible, with the optical approach being more sensitive, and a high correlation (R-2 = 0.86) between gene expressions is again observed in lentiviral-infected N2a tumor xenografts. indirect imaging of HSV1-sr39tk suicide gene therapy utilizing Fluc is also feasible and can be detected with increased sensitivity by using the optical CCD. These preliminary results validate the use of lentiviral vectors carrying reporter genes for multimodality imaging of gene expression and should have many applications, including imaging of xenografts, metastasis, and cell trafficking as well as noninvasive monitoring of lentiviral-mediated gene delivery and expression.
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