Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
Volume 138, Issue 1-2, Pages 144-155Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/S0165-5728(03)00117-6
Keywords
chemokines; fractalkine; macrophage; HIV-1 associated dementia; inflammation
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Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR15635-01] Funding Source: Medline
- NIMH NIH HHS [R24MH59724] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS 41858-01] Funding Source: Medline
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Fractalkine (FKN), a chemokine highly expressed in the central nervous system, participates in inflammatory responses operative in many brain disorders including HIV-1 associated dementia (HAD). In this report, HIV-1 progeny virions and pro-inflammatory products led to FKN production associated with neuronal injury and apoptosis. FKN was produced by neurons and astrocytes; but differentially produced by the two cell types. Laboratory tests paralleled those in infected people where cerebrospinal fluid FKN levels in HIV-1 infected cognitively impaired (n = 16) patients were found to be increased when compared to infected patients without cognitive impairment (n = 8, P = 0.0345). These results demonstrate a possible role of FKN in HAD pathogenesis. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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