Journal
STROKE
Volume 34, Issue 5, Pages 1136-1143Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.0000069161.35736.39
Keywords
cognition; dementia; epidemiology; stroke
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Background and Purpose - Results of hospital-based studies indicate a high risk of cognitive impairment 3 months after stroke. There are no comprehensive data on this issue from prospective community-based studies comparing first-ever stroke patients with stroke-free subjects. Methods - We administered a comprehensive neuropsychological battery to 99 community-based nonaphasic survivors of first-ever stroke at 3 months and 99 age- and sex-matched ( 1: 1) stroke-free individuals. Domain-specific cognitive deficits were identified by blinded neuropsychological consensus. Methods - Stroke patients were more likely to suffer any cognitive impairment ( relative risk [RR], 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1 to 2.1) attributable mainly to a greater risk of single-domain cognitive impairment ( RR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.5 to 5.3) but not multiple-domain cognitive impairment ( RR, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.8 to 1.9). Conclusions - In this community-based study, a first-ever stroke of mild to moderate severity was associated with a significant risk of cognitive impairment at 3 months, even in the absence of clinical aphasia. This was due primarily to an increased risk of solitary deficits rather than generalized deficits.
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