Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
Volume 157, Issue 10, Pages 940-943Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwg074
Keywords
clinical trials; cohort studies; odds ratio; relative risk
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Logistic regression yields an adjusted odds ratio that approximates the adjusted relative risk when disease incidence is rare (<10%), while adjusting for potential confounders. For more common outcomes, the odds ratio always overstates the relative risk, sometimes dramatically. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the incorrect application of a proposed method to estimate an adjusted relative risk from an adjusted odds ratio, which has quickly gained popularity in medical and public health research, and to describe alternative statistical methods for estimating an adjusted relative risk when the outcome is common. Hypothetical data are used to illustrate statistical methods with readily accessible computer software.
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