Journal
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 38, Issue 1, Pages 232-244Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.117.309853
Keywords
adventitia; cell differentiation; stem cells; vascular diseases; vascular remodeling
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Funding
- British Heart Foundation [RG/14/6/31144]
- Oak Foundation
- British Heart Foundation [RG/14/6/31144] Funding Source: researchfish
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Objective Vascular adventitial Sca1(+) (stem cell antigen-1) progenitor cells preferentially differentiate into smooth muscle cells, which contribute to vascular remodeling and neointima formation in vessel grafts. Therefore, directing the differentiation of Sca1(+) cells toward the endothelial lineage could represent a new therapeutic strategy against vascular disease. Approach and Results We thus developed a fast, reproducible protocol based on the single-gene transfer of ETV2 (ETS variant 2) to differentiate Sca1(+) cells toward the endothelial fate and studied the effect of cell conversion on vascular hyperplasia in a model of endothelial injury. After ETV2 transduction, Sca1(+) adventitial cells presented a significant increase in the expression of early endothelial cell genes, including VE-cadherin, Flk-1, and Tie2 at the mRNA and protein levels. ETV2 overexpression also induced the downregulation of a panel of smooth muscle cell and mesenchymal genes through epigenetic regulations, by decreasing the expression of DNA-modifying enzymes ten-eleven translocation dioxygenases. Adventitial Sca1(+) cells grafted on the adventitial side of wire-injured femoral arteries increased vascular wall hyperplasia compared with control arteries with no grafted cells. Arteries seeded with ETV2-transduced cells, on the contrary, showed reduced hyperplasia compared with control. Conclusions These data give evidence that the genetic manipulation of vascular progenitors is a promising approach to improve vascular function after endothelial injury.
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