Journal
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
Volume 99, Issue 1-3, Pages 506-510Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/S0921-5107(02)00515-9
Keywords
hydrothermal synthesis; lead-free; piezoelectric ceramic; bismuth sodium titanate
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The effects of processing parameters on the growth and morphology of hydrothermally derived Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (BNT) powders were investigated. The BNT powders were synthesized in alkaline solution at temperatures of 160-220 degreesC from Ti(OC4H9)(4) and Bi(NO3)(3).5H(2)O compounds. Alkaline concentration had a great effect on the phase composition and morphology of the resultant powders. BNT phase was not obtained with NaOH concentrations lower than 0.5 or higher than 14 M. The morphology of BNT powders changed from spherical agglomerates to uniform cubic particles with NaOH concentrations in the range 2-12 M. The sizes of the cubic particles were about 3.5-5.5 mum with a typical Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 structure. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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