Journal
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 32, Issue 12, Pages 2813-2820Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.300133
Keywords
apolipoprotein A-I; atherosclerosis; plaque regression; macrophage foam cell
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Funding
- Abbott
- Cleveland Heart Laboratory
- Liposcience Inc
- Pfizer Inc.
- Esperion
- National Institutes of Health [PO1 HL098055]
- German Research Foundation [DFG: HE 6092/1-1]
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Although high high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels are associated with decreased cardiovascular risk in epidemiological studies, recent genetic and pharmacological findings have raised doubts about the beneficial effects of HDL. Raising HDL levels in animal models by infusion or overexpression of apolipoprotein A-I has shown clear vascular improvements, such as delayed atherosclerotic lesion progression and accelerated lesion regression, along with increased reverse cholesterol transport. Inflammation and other factors, such as myeloperoxidase-mediated oxidation, can impair HDL production and HDL function, with regard to its reverse cholesterol transport, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, tests of HDL function, which have not yet been developed as routine diagnostic assays, may prove useful and be a better predictor of cardiovascular risk than HDL-cholesterol levels. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2012;32:2813-2820.)
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