Journal
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Volume 324, Issue 3-4, Pages 689-697Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4371(03)00076-1
Keywords
non-equilibrium physics; cellular automata; pedestrian dynamics
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We report new results obtained using cellular automata for pedestrian dynamics with friction. Monte-Carlo simulations of evacuation processes are compared with experimental results on competitive behavior in emergency egress from an aircraft. In the model, the recently introduced concept of a friction parameter mu is used to distinguish between competitive and cooperative movement. However, an additional influence in competition is increased walking speed. Empirical results show that a critical door width w(c), separates two regimes: for w < w(c) competition increases egress times, whereas for w > w(c) it leads to a decrease. This result is reproduced in the simulation only if both influences, walking speed and friction, are taken into account. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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