Journal
ARCHIVUM IMMUNOLOGIAE ET THERAPIAE EXPERIMENTALIS
Volume 57, Issue 6, Pages 435-445Publisher
SPRINGER BASEL AG
DOI: 10.1007/s00005-009-0051-8
Keywords
cardiomyocyte; doxorubicin; apoptosis; necrosis; autophagy
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [HL072897, HL085098]
- Showalter Trust [89829]
- NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE [R01HL072897, P01HL085098] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most widely used and successful antitumor drugs, but its cumulative and dose-dependent cardiac toxicity has been a major concern of oncologists in cancer therapeutic practice for decades. With the increasing population of cancer survivors, there is a growing need to develop preventive strategies and effective therapies against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, in particular late-onset cardiomyopathy. Although intensive investigations on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity have continued for decades, the underlying mechanisms responsible for DOX-induced cardiotoxicity have not been completely elucidated. A rapidly expanding body of evidence supports the notion that cardiomyocyte death by apoptosis and necrosis is a primary mechanism of DOX-induced cardiomyopathy and that other types of cell death, such as autophagy and senescence/aging, may participate in this process. This review focuses on the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying DOX-induced cardiomyocyte death, including the major primary mechanism of excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other recently discovered ROS-independent mechanisms. The different sensitivities to DOX-induced cell death signals between adult and young cardiomyocytes will also be discussed.
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