Dimethylmorpholinium chloride analogs and their effect on plants

Relations between-the chemical structure of new analogs of dimethylmorpholinium chloride (DMC) and their growth retardant activity were investigated. Some of these substances exerted a specific impact on the growth of individual organs in monocot (Triticum aestivum L., Hordeum vulgare ssp. distichon (L.) Koern.) and dicot (Phaseolus vulgaris L., Brassica napus L.) plants. Within the group of bis-quaternary ammonium salts, the derivatives of N-methylmorpholinium (1-DMC) and N-benzylmorpholinium (3-DMC) manifested high retardant activity on growth of barley and wheat plants. The molecules of these compounds comprise the chain of two methylene groups bridging the nitrogen atoms. An N-acetylmorpholinium derivative 17-DMC, with nitrogen atoms in morpholinium rings linked by two methylene groups with a CHOH group between them, produced a physiological effect on rape and kidney bean plants.