Journal
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages 207-222Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2003.tb00222.x
Keywords
cyclooxygenase-1 and-2; prostaglandins; cell growth; tumorigenesis; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; angiogenesis; apoptosis; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
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Cyclooxygenase (COX) -2 and the prostaglandins resulting from its enzymatic activity have been shown to play a role in modulating cell growth and development of human neoplasia. Evidence includes a direct relationship between COX-2 expression and cancer incidence in humans and animal models, increased tumorigenesis after genetic manipulation of COX-2, and significant anti-tumor properties of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in animal models and in some human cancers. Recent data showed that COX-2 and the derived prostaglandins are involved in control of cellular growth, apoptosis, and signal through a group of nuclear receptors named peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). In this article we will review some of the findings suggesting that COX-2 is involved in multiple cellular mechanisms that lead to tumorigenesis.
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