Journal
PROSTATE
Volume 56, Issue 2, Pages 131-141Publisher
WILEY-LISS
DOI: 10.1002/pros.10247
Keywords
prostate specific antigen (PSA); alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT); PSA-ACT complex; enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA)
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Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [CA72371, CA81738] Funding Source: Medline
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BACKGROUND. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) has been widely used as a biomarker for the screening and diagnosis of prostate cancer. PSA in serum predominantly exists as a complex with alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT), and measurement of free PSA and the PSA-ACT complex may improve the utility of the serum PSA assay for differential diagnosis of prostate cancer and non-malignant prostate diseases, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). METHODS. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against PSA, ACT, and the PSA-ACT complex were produced by immunizing mice with an incubated mixture of PSA and ACT, and characterized by Western blot analyses and several enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) methods. RESULTS. The MAbs produced in this study are capable of distinguishing the PSA-ACT complex from free PSA and ACT. Four MAbs have been selected and utilized to construct three ELISA systems for the separate measurements of free PSA, the PSA-ACT complex, and total PSA. CONCLUSIONS. The three PSA assay systems developed in this study can specifically measure free PSA, total PSA, and the PSA-ACT complex with equal molar sensitivity. It is expected that these PSA assay systems could be useful in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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