Journal
NEURON
Volume 39, Issue 2, Pages 353-359Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00403-3
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Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [R01 RR13609, P41 RR14075] Funding Source: Medline
- NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB00790-01A2, R01 EB000790] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS044623] Funding Source: Medline
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Recent advances in brain imaging techniques, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), offer great promise for noninvasive mapping of brain function. However, the indirect nature of the imaging signals to the underlying neural activity limits the interpretation of the resulting maps. The present report represents the first systematic study with sufficient statistical power to quantitatively characterize the relationship between changes in blood oxygen content and the neural spiking and synaptic activity. Using two-dimensional optical measurements of hemodynamic signals, simultaneous recordings of neural activity, and an event-related stimulus paradigm, we demonstrate that (1) there is a strongly nonlinear relationship between electrophysiological measures of neuronal activity and the hemodynamic response, (2) the hemodynamic response continues to grow beyond the saturation of electrical activity, and (3) the initial increase in deoxyhemogloblin that precedes an increase in blood volume is counterbalanced by an equal initial decrease in oxyhemoglobin.
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