Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 6, Issue 4, Pages 377-382Publisher
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S1369-5274(03)00085-7
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The intracellular protozoan parasites Theileria parva and T. annulata transform the cells they infect, inducing uncontrolled proliferation. This is not a trivial event as, in addition to permanently switching on the complex pathways that govern all steps of the cell cycle, the built-in apoptotic safety mechanisms that prevent 'illegitimate' cell replication also need to be inactivated. Recent experiments show that the NF-kappaB and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PtdIns-3K) pathways are important participants in the transformation process. IkappaB kinase (IKK), a pivotal kinase complex in the NF-kappaB pathway, is recruited to the parasite surface where it becomes activated. The PtdIns-3K/Akt/PKB pathway is also constitutively activated in a parasite-dependent manner, but contrary to IKK, activation is probably not triggered by direct association with the parasite.
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