Mining weak lensing surveys

We present a survey of the cosmological applications of the next generation of weak lensing surveys, paying special attention to the computational challenges presented by the number of galaxies, N-gal similar to 10(5). We focus on optimal methods with no pixelisation and derive a multigrid (PM)-M-3 algorithm that performs the relevant computations in O(N-gal log N-gal) time. We test the algorithm by studying three applications of weak lensing surveys-convergence map reconstruction, cluster detection and E and B power spectrum estimation using realistic 1degrees X 1degrees simulations derived from N-body simulations. The map reconstruction is able to reconstruct large scale features without artifacts. Detecting clusters using only weak lensing is difficult because of line-of-sight contamination and noise, with low completeness if one desires low contamination of the sample. A power spectrum analysis of the convergence field is more promising, and we are able to reconstruct the convergence spectrum with no loss of information down to the smallest scales. The numerical methods used here can be applied to other data sets with same O(N log N) scaling and can be generalised to a sphere. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.